Submissions from 2024
Soil stabilization with gypsum: A review, Yasaman Abdolvand and Mohammadhossein Sadeghiamirshahidi
Constraints on metastable superheavy dark matter coupled to sterile neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, K. Nguyen, D. Nitz, and et al.
Testing hadronic-model predictions of depth of maximum of air-shower profiles and ground-particle signals using hybrid data of the Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, K. Nguyen, D. Nitz, and et al.
Constraining models for the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with a novel combined analysis of arrival directions, spectrum, and composition data measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. Nitz, A. Puyleart, and et al.
Demonstrating Agreement between Radio and Fluorescence Measurements of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. Nitz, K. Nguyen, A. Puyleart, and et al.
Radio measurements of the depth of air-shower maximum at the Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. Nitz, K. Nguyen, A. Puyleart, and et al.
Changing the culture of ecology from the ground up, Elsa Abs and Moira Hough
Heterologous expression of Arabidopsis laccase2, laccase4 and peroxidase52 driven under developing xylem specific promoter DX15 improves saccharification in populus, Yogesh Ahlawat, Ajaya K. Biswal, Sarahani Harun, Anne E. Harman-Ware, Crissa Doeppke, Nisha Sharma, Chandrashekhar P. Joshi, and Bertrand B. Hankoua
A Convenient Synthesis of Short α-/β-Mixed Peptides as Potential α-Amylase Inhibitors, Naeem Ahmed, Fakhira Razzaq, Muhammad Arfan, Mansour K. Gatasheh, Hammad Nasir, Joham Sarfraz Ali, and Hamna Hafeez
Exploring the Molecular Pathways of Cell Death Induced by PDE3 Modulators, Aqsa Ahsan
Performance of the HAWC Observatory and TeV Gamma-Ray Measurements of the Crab Nebula with Improved Extensive Air Shower Reconstruction Algorithms, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, S. Groetsch, P. Hüntemeyer, R. Turner, X. Wang, and et al.
Search for decaying dark matter in the Virgo cluster of galaxies with HAWC, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, R. Turner, X. Wang, and et al.
Evidence for rapid variability at high energies in GRBs, E. Casey Aldrich and Robert J. Nemiroff
Exploring the Coronal Magnetic Field with Galactic Cosmic Rays: The Sun Shadow Observed by HAWC, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, and et al.
Galactic Gamma-Ray Diffuse Emission at TeV Energies with HAWC Data, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, and et al.
Thrombogenicity of biodegradable metals, D. E.J. Anderson, H. H. Le, H. Vu, J. Johnson, J. E. Aslan, J. Goldman, and M. T. Hinds
Is Geology Accreditation Needed? It Is Already Here!, Laurie C. Anderson, John S. Gierke, and Jeffrey B. Connelly
Sustainability of Biogas Production from Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste and Animal Manure, Sharath Kumar Ankathi, Utkarsh S. Chaudhari, Robert Handler, and David R. Shonnard
Hadamard Matrices of Orders 60 and 64 with Automorphisms of Orders 29 and 31, Makoto Araya, Masaaki Harada, and Vladimir Tonchev
After Implementation: Assessing Student Self-Placement in College Writing Programs, Lisa Arnold, Holly Hassel, and Lei Jiang
Pixel-MPS: Stochastic Embedding and Density-Based Clustering of Image Patterns for Pixel-Based Multiple-Point Geostatistical Simulation, Adel Asadi and Snehamoy Chatterjee
MULTI-FUNCTIONAL GELATIN-DITHIOLANE HYDROGELS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING, Saad Asim
Multi-Functional Gelatin-Dithiolane Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering, Saad Asim, Cody Tuftee, Asma Talib Qureshi, Rachel Callaghan, Moira L. Geary, Mithun Santra, Vaibhav Pal, Ilayda Namli, Gary Hin Fai Yam, Ibrahim T. Ozbolat, and Muhammad Rizwan
A declaration of commitments toward agroecology pluralities, Katia Aviles, Kenzo Esquivel, Aidee Guzman, Hannah Duff, Ana Fochesatto, Karen Crespo Triveño, Angie Carter, and et al.
Dataset for article - The analysis of lava flow path using remote sensing and geo-morphological techniques: the case of volcano eruptions in Afar region of Ethiopia, Oluwatosin Ayo and Jae Sung Kim
Study of Particle Accelerators in the Universe with the HAWC Observatory, Rishi Babu
V2I-BASED ADAPTIVE COLLISION AVOIDANCE FOR SAFETY AND TRAFFIC EFFICIENCY, Vaishnavi Balambeed
Evolution of Physical, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Poly(methyl Methacrylate)-Based Elium Thermoplastic Polymer During Polymerization, Swapnil S. Bamane, Prathamesh Deshpande, Sagar Patil, Marianna Maiaru, and Gregory Odegard
Analysis of Wind Turbine Wake Dynamics by a Gaussian-Core Vortex Lattice Technique, Apurva Baruah and Fernando L. Ponta
Simulation of the Multi-Wake Evolution of Two Sandia National Labs/National Rotor Testbed Turbines Operating in a Tandem Layout, Apurva Baruah, Fernando L. Ponta, and Alayna Farrell
Using remote sensing to map degraded mountain peatlands with high climate mitigation potential in Colombia's Central Cordillera, Michael Battaglia, Angela Lafuente, Juan C. Benavides, Erik A. Lilleskov, Rodney Chimner, Laura Bourgeau-Chavez, and Patrick Nicolás Skillings-Neira
Size-Constrained Weighted Ancestors with Applications, Philip Bille, Yakov Nekrich, and Solon P. Pissis
On Generalized Additive Models for Representation of Solar EUV Irradiance, Daniel A. Brandt, Erick F. Vega, and Aaron J. Ridley
Model Guided Memory Optimization For Key-Value Caches, Daniel Byrne
A novel method for multiple phenotype association studies based on genotype and phenotype network, Xuewei Cao, Shuanglin Zhang, and Qiuying Sha
ENGINEERING SELF-EFFICACY AND SPATIAL VISUALIZATION: CONNECTING THE SPATIAL DOTS, Katrina L. Carlson
DEPENDENCE OF ENERGY TRANSFER ON CURVATURE SIMILARITY IN COLLISIONS INVOLVING CURVED SHOCK FRONTS, Justin Cassell
Bringing Our Full Selves Into Computing: Designing, Building, and Fostering Equitable Computing Education Communities, Francisco Enrique Vicente Castro, Earl W. Huff, Amber Solomon, and Briana Christina Bettin
Department Chairs as Change Agents: A Virtual Cross-Institutional Professional Development Model for Chairs, Cinzia Cervato, Stephanie Peterson, Carrie Ann Johnson, Canan Bilen-Green, Carla Koretsky, Adrienne Minerick, and Gul Okudan Kremer
Phytoplankton composition from sPACE: Requirements, opportunities, and challenges, Ivona Cetinić, Cecile S. Rousseaux, Ian T. Carroll, Alison P. Chase, Sasha J. Kramer, P. Jeremy Werdell, David A. Siegel, Heidi M. Dierssen, Dylan Catlett, Aimee Neeley, Inia M. Soto Ramos, Jennifer L. Wolny, Natasha Sadoff, Erin Urquhart, Toby K. Westberry, Dariusz Stramski, Nima Pahlevan, Bridget N. Seegers, Emerson Sirk, Priscila Kienteca Lange, Ryan A. Vandermeulen, Jason R. Graff, James G. Allen, Peter Gaube, Lachlan I.W. McKinna, S. Morgaine McKibben, Caren E. Binding, Violeta Sanjuan Calzado, and Michael Sayers
Addressing the Effect of Intra-Seasonal Variations in Developing Rainfall Thresholds for Landslides: An Antecedent Rainfall-Based Approach, Vishnu Chakrapani Lekha, Thomas Oommen, Snehamoy Chatterjee, and Kochappi Sathyan Sajinkumar
Low Shear in Short-Term Impacts Endothelial Cell Traction and Alignment in Long-Term, Mohanish K. Chandurkar, Nikhil Mittal, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Steven D. Lehmann, Yeonwoo Rho, and Sangyoon J. Han
Low Shear in Short-Term Impacts Endothelial Cell Traction and Alignment in Long-Term, Mohanish Chandurkar, Nikhil Mittal, Shaina P. Royer-Weeden, Steven D. Lehmann, Yeonwoo Rho, and Sangyoon J. Han
Acetic Acid: An Underestimated Metabolite in Ethanol-Induced Changes in Regulating Cardiovascular Function, Andrew D. Chapp, Zhiying Shan, and Qing Hui Chen
Structural, Spectroscopic, and Computational Insights from Canavanine-Bound and Two Catalytically Compromised Variants of the Ethylene-Forming Enzyme, Shramana Chatterjee, Matthias Fellner, Joel A. Rankin, Midhun George Thomas, Simahudeen Bathir Jaber Sathik Rifayee, Christo Christov, Jian Hu, and Robert P. Hausinger
PET and polyolefin plastics supply chains in Michigan: present and future systems analysis of environmental and socio-economic impacts, Utkarsh S. Chaudhari, Kamand Sedaghatnia, Barbara K. Reck, Kate Maguire, Anne T. Johnson, David Watkins, Robert M. Handler, Tasmin Hossain, Damon S. Hartley, Vicki S. Thompson, Alejandra Peralta, Jenny L. Apriesnig, and David Shonnard
Induction of Neuroinflammation and Brain Oxidative Stress by Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Hypertensive Rats, Xinqian Chen, Xin Yan, Leah Gingerich, Qing Hui Chen, Lanrong Bi, and Zhiying Shan
Mountain Peatland Restoration: Assessment, Goals, and Approaches, Rodney A. Chimner and David J. Cooper
High temperatures and low soil moisture synergistically reduce switchgrass yields from marginal field sites and inhibit fermentation, Sarvada Chipkar, Kevin Kahmark, Sven Bohm, Mir Zaman Hussain, Leela Joshi, Karleigh M. Krieg, Jacob Aguado, Jasmine Cassidy, Pablo Lozano, Kevin Garland, Andrea Senyk, Derek J. Debrauske, Elizabeth Whelan, Morgan Davies, Paul Urban, G. Philip Robertson, Trey K. Sato, Stephen K. Hamilton, Kurt D. Thelen, and Rebecca Ong
First-principles study of MXene properties with varying hydrofluoric acid concentration, Yi Zhi Chu, Megan Hoover, Patrick Ward, and Kah Chun Lau
First-principles study of hydrogen storage application of Ti3C2Tx monolayer MXene, Yi Zhi Chu and Kah Chun Lau
High-throughput analysis of topographical cues for the expansion of murine pluripotent stem cells, Abigail Anne Conner, Yuan Yao, Sarah W. Chan, Deepak Jain, Suzanne M. Wong, Evelyn K. Yim, and Muhammad Rizwan
Perianth evolution and implications for generic delimitation in the eucalypts (Myrtaceae), including the description of the new genus, Blakella, Michael D. Crisp, Bui Q. Minh, Bokyung Choi, Robert D. Edwards, James Hereward, Carsten Kulheim, Yen Po Lin, Karen Meusemann, Andrew H. Thornhill, Alicia Toon, and Lyn G. Cook
ASSESSING TROPICAL MAMMAL DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION USING NONINVASIVE METHODS, Tiff L. DeGroot
Fostering effective and sustainable scientific collaboration and knowledge exchange: a workshop-based approach to establish a national ecological observatory network (NEON) domain-specific user group, Alison Donnelly, Ankur R. Desai, Katherine A. Heckman, Lucas E. Nave, Michael J. Cramer, Marie Faust, Peter Weishampel, Caleb Slemmons, Christian G. Andresen, Edward Ayres, Stacy Cotey, Kathryn M. Docherty, Joshua Hatzis, Kathryn Hofmeister, Jalene M. LaMontagne, John Lenters, Noah R. Lottig, Amy Marcarelli, Jessica Miesel, Jason Riddle, Meghan Salmon-Tumas, Mike D. SanClements, Subash Sapkota, Mark D. Schwartz, Puja Sharma, Ojaswee Shrestha, Geoffrey Vincent, Angela Waupochick, Ting Zheng, and Ye Zhiwei
Responses of vascular plant fine roots and associated microbial communities to whole-ecosystem warming and elevated CO2 in northern peatlands, Katherine Duchesneau, Camille E. Defrenne, Caitlin Petro, Avni Malhotra, Jessica A.M. Moore, Joanne Childs, Paul J. Hanson, Colleen M. Iversen, and Joel E. Kostka
Deciphering the controlling factors for phase transitions in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, Tao Du, Shanwu Li, Sudheer Ganisetti, Mathieu Bauchy, Yuanzheng Yue, and Morten M. Smedskjaer
Machine learning techniques for intermediate mass gap lepton partner searches at the large hadron collider, Bhaskar Dutta, Tathagata Ghosh, Alyssa Horne, Jason Kumar, Sean Palmer, Pearl Sandick, Marcus Snedeker, Patrick Stengel, and Joel W. Walker
Spectroscopic characterization, DFT calculations, in vitro pharmacological potentials, and molecular docking studies of N, N, O-Schiff base and its trivalent metal complexes, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Amani Direm, Cemal Parlak, Adebayo A. Adeniyi, Mohammad Azam, Athar Ata, Michael O. Eze, Joshua W. Hollett, and Hadley S. Clayton
Cadmium oxide nanoparticles from new organometallic Cd(II)-Schiff base complex and in vitro biological potentials: dual S. aureus and E. coli DNA gyrase inhibition by the precursors via in silico binding modes’ study, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Amani Direm, Cemal Parlak, Mercy O. Bamigboye, Olajumoke Oluade, Juliana B. Adetunji, Athar Ata, Michael O. Eze, Joshua W. Hollett, and Hadley S. Clayton
Persistent net release of carbon dioxide and methane from an Alaskan lowland boreal peatland complex, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, Colin W. Edgar, Evan Kane, Mark P. Waldrop, Rebecca B. Neumann, Kristen L. Manies, Thomas A. Douglas, Catherine Dieleman, Miriam C. Jones, and Merritt R. Turetsky
Annual progress in global carbon capture, utilization, and storage in 2023, Siyuan Fang and Yun Hang Hu
Analyzing the Effects of Atmospheric Turbulent Fluctuations on the Wake Structure of Wind Turbines and Their Blade Vibrational Dynamics, Alayna Farrell, Fernando Ponta, and Apurva Baruah
Physical science research needed to evaluate the viability and risks of marine cloud brightening, Graham Feingold, Virendra P. Ghate, Lynn M. Russell, Peter Blossey, Will Cantrell, Matthew W. Christensen, Raymond Shaw, and et al.
Contribution of fluorescent primary biological aerosol particles to low-level Arctic cloud residuals, Gabriel Pereira Freitas, Ben Kopec, Kouji Adachi, Radovan Krejci, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Karl Espen Yttri, Alun Hubbard, Jeffrey M. Welker, and Paul Zieger
Emotional Expressions and Advocacy Coalitions, Allegra H. Fullerton, Kayla M. Gabehart, and Christopher M. Weible
Improving FlexType: Ambiguous Text Input for Users with Visual Impairments, Dylan Gaines and Keith Vertanen
Climate-influenced phenology of larval fish transport in a large lake, Spencer T. Gardner, Mark D. Rowe, Pengfei Xue, Xing Zhou, Peter J. Alsip, David B. Bunnell, Paris D. Collingsworth, Edward S. Rutherford, and Tomas O. Höök
Roles of Bryophytes in Forest Sustainability—Positive or Negative?, Janice M. Glime
Messing with the Master Narrative: The Challenges of Challenging Meritocracy in Undergraduate Education “Diversity” Coursework, Simona Goldin, Chandra L. Alston, and J. W. Hammond
Microbiome preterm birth DREAM challenge: Crowdsourcing machine learning approaches to advance preterm birth research, Jonathan L. Golob, Tomiko T. Oskotsky, Alice S. Tang, Alennie Roldan, Verena Chung, Connie W. Ha, Abigail Kuntzleman, Isaac Bigcraft, and et al.
Microbiome preterm birth DREAM challenge: Crowdsourcing machine learning approaches to advance preterm birth research, Jonathan L. Golob, Tomiko T. Oskotsky, Alice S. Tang, Alennie Roldan, Verena Chung, Connie W.Y. Ha, Abigail Kuntzleman, Isaac Bigcraft, Stephen Techtmann, and et al.
Heating Capacity and Biocompatibility of Hybrid Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia Treatment, Aline Alexandrina Gomes, Thalita Marcolan Valverde, Vagner de Oliveira Machado, Emanueli do Nascimento da Silva, Daniele Alves Fagundes, Fernanda de Paula Oliveira, Erico Freitas, José Domingos Ardisson, José Maria da Fonte Ferreira, Junnia Alvarenga de Carvalho Oliveira, Eliza Rocha Gomes, Caio Fabrini Rodrigues, Alfredo Miranda de Goes, Rosana Zacarias Domingues, and Ângela Leão Andrade
Assessing the Benefits of Electrification for the Mackinac Island Ferry from an Environmental and Economic Perspective, Siddharth Gopujkar and Jeremy Worm
Radiopaque FeMnN-Mo composite drawn filled tubing wires for braided absorbable neurovascular devices, Adam J. Griebel, Petra Maier, Henry D. Summers, Benjamin Clausius, Isabella Kanasty, Weilue He, Nicholas Peterson, Carolyn Czerniak, Alexander A. Oliver, David F. Kallmes, Ramanathan Kadirvel, Jeremy E. Schaffer, and Roger J. Guillory
Study on the Storage Stability and Rheological Property of Bio-Oil/Lignin Composite-Modified Asphalt, Guixiu Guo, Junfeng Gao, Dongzhao Jin, Xuan Wang, Yanqiu Bi, and Peng Guo
Resolving the topology of encircling multiple exceptional points, Chitres Guria, Qi Zhong, Sahin Kaya Ozdemir, Yogesh S.S. Patil, Ramy El-Ganainy, and Jack Gwynne Emmet Harris
Living emission abolish filters (LEAFs) for methane mitigation: design and operation, Richard Hamilton, Nicholas Griffith, Peter Salamon, Robert Handler, and Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya
AN INCREMENTAL MULTISCALE NON–LINEAR MANIFOLD APPROXIMATION METHOD, Praveen T.W. Hettige
SILPHID AND CARABID BEETLES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL FOREST TRIAL: iDNA AND DIETS, AND INSECT-HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS CAN BETTER INFORM FOREST MANAGEMENT, Katherine E. Higdon
Establishing Silphids in the invertebrate DNA toolbox: a proof of concept, Katherine E. Higdon, Kristin Brzeski, Melanie A. Ottino, and Tara Bal
Photodegradation stability of huminated European pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) microveneers, Reza Hosseinpourpia and Amir Ghavidel
Investigation of Operational Parameter Differences between the Standard RON Test Method and Knock-Limited Modern Spark-Ignition Engine Operation, Alexander Hoth
Ecological Studies of Wolves on Isle Royale, Sarah Hoy, Rolf O. Peterson, and John Vucetich
A historical contingency hypothesis for population ecology, Sarah Hoy, Rolf O. Peterson, and John A. Vucetich
Near-collapse of the geomagnetic field may have contributed to atmospheric oxygenation and animal radiation in the Ediacaran Period, Wentao Huang, John A. Tarduno, Tinghong Zhou, Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia, Laércio Dal Olmo-Barbosa, Edinei Koester, Eric G. Blackman, Aleksey V. Smirnov, Gabriel Ahrendt, Rory D. Cottrell, Kenneth P. Kodama, Richard K. Bono, David G. Sibeck, Yong Xiang Li, Francis Nimmo, Shuhai Xiao, and Michael K. Watkeys
Author Correction: The flying spider-monkey tree fern genome provides insights into fern evolution and arborescence (Nature Plants, (2022), 8, 5, (500-512), 10.1038/s41477-022-01146-6), Xiong Huang, Wenling Wang, Ting Gong, David Wickell, Li Yaung Kuo, Xingtan Zhang, Jialong Wen, Hoon Kim, Fachuang Lu, Hansheng Zhao, Song Chen, Hui Li, Wenqi Wu, Changjiang Yu, Su Chen, Wei Fan, Shuai Chen, Xiuqi Bao, Li Li, Dan Zhang, Longyu Jiang, Dipak Khadka, Xiaojing Yan, Zhenyang Liao, Gongke Zhou, Yalong Guo, John Ralph, Ronald R. Sederoff, Hairong Wei, Ping Zhu, and Fay Wei Li
Radiation Force Modeling for a Wave Energy Converter Array, Salman Husain, Gordon Parker, David Forehand, and Enrico Anderlini
Progress in energy: USA–Canada special issue on energy, Yun Hang Hu
Data Driven and Machine Learning Based Modeling and Predictive Control of Combustion at Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engines, Behrouz Khoshbakht Irdmousa
Cutting-edge developments in zinc oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and applications for enhanced antimicrobial and UV protection in healthcare solutions, Egwonor Loveth Irede, Raymond Femi Awoyemi, Babatunde Owolabi, Omowunmi Rebecca Aworinde, Rofiat Odunayo Kajola, Ajibola Hazeez, Ayuba Adawale Raji, Latifat Oluwatobi Ganiyu, Chimezie O. Onukwuli, Asishana Paul Onivefu, and Ikhazuagbe Hilary Ifijen
Multi-modal investigation of the bone micro- and ultrastructure, and elemental distribution in the presence of Mg-xGd screws at mid-term healing stages, Kamila Iskhakova, Hanna Cwieka, Svenja Meers, Heike Helmholz, Anton Davydok, Malte Storm, Ivo Matteo Baltruschat, Silvia Galli, Daniel Pröfrock, Olga Will, Mirko Gerle, Timo Damm, Sandra Sefa, Weilue He, Keith MacRenaris, Malte Soujon, Felix Beckmann, Julian Moosmann, Thomas O'Hallaran, Roger J. Guillory, D. C.Florian Wieland, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, and Regine Willumeit-Römer
Benchmarking a Wide Range of Unsupervised Learning Methods for Detecting Anomaly in Blast Furnace, Kendai Itakura, Dukka Bahadur, and Hiroto Saigo
Non-invasive methods for monitoring weasels: emerging technologies and priorities for future research, David S. Jachowski, Scott M. Bergeson, Stacy Cotey, Elizabeth Croose, Tim R. Hofmeester, Jenny MacPherson, and et al.
Laboratory evaluation and field demonstration of cold in-place recycling asphalt mixture in Michigan low-volume road, Dongzhao Jin, Lei Yin, Lance Malburg, and Zhanping You
Optimal Molecular Dynamics System Size for Increased Precision and Efficiency for Epoxy Materials, Khatereh Kashmari, Sagar Patil, Josh Kemppainen, Shankara Gowtham, and Gregory Odegard
How Could Future Climate Conditions Reshape a Devastating Lake-Effect Snow Storm?, Miraj Kayastha, Chenfu Huang, Jiali Wang, Yun Qian, Zhao Yang, T. C. Chakraborty, William J. Pringle, Robert D. Hetland, and Pengfei Xue