Skid Resistance of Calcined Bauxite-Based High-Friction Asphalt Surfaces

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-1-2026

Abstract

Ensuring durable skid resistance remains a critical challenge for high-risk roadway locations, where conventional surface treatments often suffer from rapid polishing and performance decay. This study introduces a mechanistically driven high-friction surface (HFS) design framework based on a novel differential polishing strategy, in which high-hardness calcined bauxite is systematically blended with lower-hardness limestone to create a self-renewing surface texture capable of sustaining long-term friction. Through integrated materials optimization, surface texture evolution analysis, and data-driven performance modeling, the study establishes new design principles for durable HFS systems. An optimized epoxy binder system with a curing-agent-to-resin ratio of 2:1 was identified to maximize tensile performance and bonding durability. Systematic evaluation of aggregate type, binder dosage, and particle size demonstrates that 88# bauxite provides superior polishing resistance, exhibiting only a 15.5% reduction in dynamic friction coefficient (DFC), compared with 20.2% for 80# bauxite and 27.9% for basalt. A bauxite-to-limestone mass ratio of 7:3 produces the most stable long-term skid performance by promoting controlled exposure of hard aggregate through differential wear. High-resolution three-dimensional laser scanning coupled with accelerated polishing reveals the underlying texture renewal mechanisms responsible for sustained friction. Beyond material design, a feedforward neural network model integrating multiscale texture parameters significantly outperforms conventional multiple regression in predicting DFC evolution, establishing a predictive-performance framework for proactive pavement friction management. Collectively, this work advances the state of HFS technology by linking aggregate mineralogy, texture evolution, and machine-learning-based prediction into a unified, innovation-driven design methodology for safer and more sustainable pavement surfaces.

Publication Title

Journal of Transportation Engineering Part B Pavements

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