Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-11-2025

Department

Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Engineering

Abstract

Climate change is causing increased flooding and droughts. Droughts can cause drinking water sources to run dry. Therefore, recycling water from the wastewater plant effluent to the water treatment plant influent, also called ‘direct reuse’ is becoming necessary. A connection between a city's wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and water treatment plant (WTP) influent via pipe was simulated to provide an understanding of the capital costs and feasibility of execution. Hydraulic pipe-flow and pump equations were used to calculate the pipe and pump sizes needed for various flow rate and elevation head values. Various flow rate recycle rates were modeled by taking the WWTP effluent flow and in percentages ranging from 5 to 100% to estimate the pipe and pump requirements to send that amount to the WTP influent, including greenhouse gas emissions from pumping. The costs of installation were then determined using current market values for parts and trenching. Data analysis showed that the cost of this project is driven by the pump size requirements.

Publisher's Statement

© 2025 The Authors. Publisher’s version of record: https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2025.043

Publication Title

Water Practice and Technology

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Version

Publisher's PDF

Download

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.