Extended gamma-ray sources around pulsars constrain the origin of the positron flux at Earth

Authors

A. U. Abeysekara, The University of Utah
A. Albert, Los Alamos National Laboratory
R. Alfaro, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
C. Alvarez, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
J. D. Álvarez, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo
R. Arceo, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo
D. Avila Rojas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
H. A. Ayala Solares, Michigan Technological University
A. S. Barber, The University of Utah
N. Bautista-Elivar, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca
A. Becerril, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
E. Belmont-Moreno, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
S. Y. BenZvi, University of Rochester
D. Berley, University of Maryland
A. Bernal, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
J. Braun, University of Wisconsin-Madison
C. Brisbois, Michigan Technological University
K. S. Caballero-Mora, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
T. Capistrán, Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica
A. Carramiñana, Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica
S. Casanova, Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
M. Castillo, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo
U. Cotti, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo
J. Cotzomi, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla
S. Coutiño De León, Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica
C. De León, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla
E. De La Fuente, Universidad de Guadalajara
B. L. Dingus, Los Alamos National Laboratory
M. A. DuVernois, University of Wisconsin-Madison
J. C. Díaz-Vélez, Universidad de Guadalajara
R. W. Ellsworth, George Mason University, Fairfax Campus

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-17-2017

Abstract

© 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved. The unexpectedly high flux of cosmic-ray positrons detected at Earth may originate from nearby astrophysical sources, dark matter, or unknown processes of cosmic-ray secondary production. We report the detection, using the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC), of extended tera–electron volt gamma-ray emission coincident with the locations of two nearby middle-aged pulsars (Geminga and PSR B0656+14). The HAWC observations demonstrate that these pulsars are indeed local sources of accelerated leptons, but the measured tera–electron volt emission profile constrains the diffusion of particles away from these sources to be much slower than previously assumed. We demonstrate that the leptons emitted by these objects are therefore unlikely to be the origin of the excess positrons, which may have a more exotic origin.

Publication Title

Science

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