Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-26-2025

Department

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Abstract

This study investigates the feasibility of using helium and nitrogen as surrogate gases for visualizing the non-reactive behavior of hydrogen jets in a constant volume chamber. Hydrogen, helium, and nitrogen were individually mixed with acetone vapor and injected using a hollow-cone injector. The fuel distribution was visualized using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF), while simultaneous Schlieren imaging was employed to capture overall jet structures. Quantitative comparisons of jet areas extracted from both imaging techniques demonstrated that acetone effectively followed the gas-phase flow of each species, validating its use as a flow tracer. Furthermore, helium and nitrogen exhibited jet dispersion patterns comparable to those of hydrogen across varying ambient pressure conditions, confirming their potential as optical surrogates. The findings suggest that non-reactive surrogate gases can be reliably used for safer experimental investigations of hydrogen injection phenomena, offering a valuable methodology for future optical diagnostics in hydrogen research.

Publisher's Statement

© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Publisher’s version of record: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151218

Publication Title

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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