Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-15-2025

Department

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences

Abstract

Silicic magmatic systems play a critical role in the evolution of continental crust, and their eruptions could pose significant hazard to modern civilization. However, the processes of silicic magma storage and assembly prior to eruption are not well understood. We report new 238U-230Th ages and trace-element data for both rims and interiors of zircons separated from whole-rock (WR) samples and from bulk plagioclase separates from the 25.4 ka Oruanui eruption, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. These data provide petrologic context and a more complete record of zircon crystallization than previous analyses of whole-rock hosted zircon interiors. In particular, whole-rock zircon surfaces are more restricted in composition than other zircon groups and define two clear compositional groups. Preservation of these two distinct compositional groups requires that the zircon must have been incorporated into the erupted Oruanui rhyolite at most ∼2 kyrs prior to eruption. In addition, systematic variations in Eu/Eu*, Hf, and Sc with Ti-in-zircon temperature and 238U-230Th age recorded in plagioclase-hosted zircon surfaces indicate that a shift to higher temperatures and less evolved compositions began at ∼40 ka and continued until amalgamation of the final erupted magma body. These new data demonstrate the additional insights available from detailed microanalytical investigations and support other studies indicating that large volumes of silicic magma accumulate in the crust via amalgamation of multiple smaller compositionally distinct portions of the broader magma reservoir.

Publisher's Statement

/© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Publisher’s version of record: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119495

Publication Title

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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