Document Type
Conference Proceeding
Publication Date
3-2023
Department
Department of Computer Science
Abstract
In many situations, it may be impractical or impossible to enter text by selecting precise locations on a physical or touchscreen keyboard. We present an ambiguous keyboard with four character groups that has potential applications for eyes-free text entry, as well as text entry using a single switch or a brain-computer interface. We develop a procedure for optimizing these character groupings based on a disambiguation algorithm that leverages a long-span language model. We produce both alphabetically-constrained and unconstrained character groups in an offline optimization experiment and compare them in a longitudinal user study. Our results did not show a significant difference between the constrained and unconstrained character groups after four hours of practice. As expected, participants had significantly more errors with the unconstrained groups in the first session, suggesting a higher barrier to learning the technique. We therefore recommend the alphabetically-constrained character groups, where participants were able to achieve an average entry rate of 12.0 words per minute with a 2.03% character error rate using a single hand and with no visual feedback.
Publication Title
International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, Proceedings IUI
ISBN
9798400701061
Recommended Citation
Gaines, D.,
Baker, M.,
&
Vertanen, K.
(2023).
FlexType: Flexible Text Input with a Small Set of Input Gestures.
International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, Proceedings IUI, 584-594.
http://doi.org/10.1145/3581641.3584077
Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/16980
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License.
Version
Publisher's PDF
Publisher's Statement
©2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publisher’s version of record: https://doi.org/10.1145/3581641.3584077