Atomic Structure of Surface-Densified Phases in Ni-Rich Layered Compounds
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
4-12-2021
Department
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Abstract
In this work, we report the presence of surface-densified phases (β-Ni5O8, γ-Ni3O4, and δ-Ni7O8) in LiNiO2 (LNO)- and LiNi0.8Al0.2O2 (LNA)-layered compounds by combined atomic level scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). These surface phases form upon electrochemical aging at high state of charge corresponding to a fully delithiated state. A unique feature of these phases is the periodic occupancy by Ni2+ in the Li layer. This periodic Ni occupancy gives rise to extra diffraction reflections, which are qualitatively similar to those of the LiNi2O4 spinel structure, but these surface phases have a lower Ni valence state and cation content than spinel. These experimental results confirm the presence of thermodynamically stable surface phases and provide new insights into the phenomena of surface phase formation in Ni-rich layered structures.
Publication Title
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Recommended Citation
Mukherjee, P.,
Lu, P.,
Faenza, N.,
Pereira, N.,
Amatucci, G.,
Ceder, G.,
&
Cosandey, F.
(2021).
Atomic Structure of Surface-Densified Phases in Ni-Rich Layered Compounds.
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces,
13(15), 17478-17486.
http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c00143
Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/14933