Document Type

Book

Publication Date

6-2024

Department

College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science

Abstract

Prior to European settlement, earthworms were rare across most of the Midwest and Eastern United States (James 1995). This is presumably because earthworms were slow to recolonize after the last glacial period. Currently, earthworms of European and Asian origin are invading this region with demonstrable effects on soil characteristics and ecosystem functions. Eradicating non-native invasive earthworms (hereafter, “earthworms”) is generally not a realistic management goal. Still, understanding how earthworms act as ecosystem engineers will aid land managers in considering how earthworms modify local effects of climate change and management actions on natural ecosystems. Additionally, where earthworms have not yet invaded, managers can take efforts to avoid their introduction (e.g., minimizing cross-site movement of soil and plant litter). Given that earthworms are often associated with decreased soil compaction and increased soil fertility in agricultural settings, land managers may be understandably confused: are earthworms—even if invasive—‘good’ or ‘bad’ for soils and ecosystem health? Although benefits may occur in agricultural lands, earthworms can significantly disrupt natural ecosystems. Here, we aim to help managers better understand how earthworms may be affecting the health and resiliency of their site in natural systems.

Publication Title

Non-native invasive earthworms in the Midwest and Eastern United States: a primer

Download

Share

COinS