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Date of Award

2019

Document Type

Campus Access Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering (PhD)

Administrative Home Department

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Advisor 1

Bruce Mork

Advisor 2

Sumit Paudyal

Committee Member 1

Leonard Bohmann

Committee Member 2

Hans Kr Hoidalen

Abstract

There is an increasing need for wide-area high-speed communication, accurate estimations, and advanced protection functionalities in Smart Grid. IEC 61850 offers guidelines to implement publisher-subscriber based peer-to-peer communication framework within a substation, which is used to process measurement and control signals from bay level to station level within a substation. However, there is a need in developing relevant framework to extend the protocol beyond the substation level for wide-area control and protection applications. Similarly, IEEE C37.118 offers guidelines to implement Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) and Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs) to support Wide-Area Monitoring Protection and Control (WAMPAC). Existing phasor and frequency estimation algorithms in PMUs lack the ability to reflect dynamic changes in network and are slower for fast protection applications due to low reporting rates of the phasors and centralized PDC architectures which can have higher latency with a large number of PMUs.

The main objectives of this dissertation are to achieve reliable and faster communication, accurate and faster phasor estimations, and novel protection schemes with dynamic network conditions. More specifically, this dissertation is at investigating the aspects of routing IEC 61850 into a wide-area network, evaluating the performance of the dynamic phasors obtained from routable IEC 61850 measurements as per IEEE C37.118 standards, and studying the routable IEC 61850 data for protection applications.

The first objective is achieved by implementing a novel Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) based architecture for routing IEC 61850 based Generic Objected Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messaging and Sampled Value (SV) measurements between substations which are on different local area networks (LAN). This scheme also offers a path towards utilizing protocol independent routing for larger networks. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed VLAN based routable GOOSE and SV framework is able to comply with the transfer time requirement for sending status and measurements over a wide-area network (WAN). Similarly, the case studies demonstrate the possibility of utilizing routable IEC 61850 for WAMPAC. The second objective is achieved by implementing dynamic phasor estimation algorithm, which is based on the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The results demonstrate that EKF based phasor estimation complies with IEEE C37.118 performance indices for steadystate and dynamic changes in the phasor estimation. Finally, the third objective is achieved by the use of SV information for out-of-step protection, islanding detection, and line-differential protection, which are some of the important protection functionalists in power grids. Cases studies assess the performance of the respective protection algorithms from the point of phasor estimation, asynchronous sampling of instantaneous measurements, and algorithm evaluation using real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation.

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